دغدغه اکثر زبان آموزان ضعف در مهارت نوشتاری زبان انگلیسی است. در این مقاله به ذکر رایج ترین اشتباهات علامت گذاری دررایتینگ می پردازیم که با در نظرگرفتن آنها راحت تر می توانید نمره دلخواه تان را در قسمت Writing کسب کنید.
Run-On Sentence
منظور از Run-on sentence اشتباه رایجی است که در آن دو یا چند جمله مستقل به نادرستی و از طریق یک punctuation نادرست به یکدیگر وصل شده باشند.
مثال اول:
Incorrect: She tried to sneak out of the house her mother saw her leaving.
Correct: She tried to sneak out of the house, but her mother saw her leaving.
مثال دوم:
Incorrect: He ran through the field as fast as he could all the while rain was soaking him to the bone.
Correct: He ran through the field as fast as he could. All the while rain was soaking him to the bone.
همانطور که در قسمت های بالا هم گفته شد قبل از حرف ربط and در جملات مرکب ترجیحا باید ازکاما استفاده شود.
Superfluous Commas
یکی از اشتباهات رایج زبان آموزان استفاده از کاما در قسمت هایی ست که اصلا نیازی به آن ندارد. به عنوان مثال زمانی که حرف ربط دو کلمه را به هم وصل می کند نیازی به استفاده ازکاما قبل از حرف ربط نیست که می توانید نمونه آن را در مثال های ذیل ببینید.
مثال اول:
Incorrect: He wants to get a degree in engineering, or medicine.
Correct: He wants to get a degree in engineering or medicine.
مثال دوم:
Incorrect: Sam knew immediately, what was going to happen next.
Correct: Same knew immediately what was going to happen next.
Lack Of Parallel Structure
یکی از نکته هایی که حتما باید مدنظرداشته باشید همگون سازی در جملات است.
مثال اول:
Incorrect: He wanted to learn more about careers in programming, engineering, biochemist, and research scientist.
Correct: He wanted to learn more about careers in programming, engineering, biochemistry, and research science.
مثال دوم:
Incorrect: The key directives of his boss were clear:
Meet monthly sales goals.
Aggressive marketing techniques.
Reporting in every day.
Correct: The key directives of his boss were clear:
Meet monthly sales goals.
Practice aggressive marketing techniques.
Report in every day.
Sentence Sprawl
گاها استفاده چندین عبارت هموزن هم معنی در کنار هم درک مطلب را برای خواننده دشوار میکند.
مثال اول:
Incorrect: Jason was planning to attend his friend’s wedding on June 30, but at the last minute he found out he had jury duty, so he couldn’t attend the wedding, and he felt really guilty about it.
Correct: Unexpectedly Jason was called for jury duty and couldn’t attend his friend’s June 30 wedding. He felt guilty about missing it.
Comma Splice
Comma Splice زمانی رخ میدهد که بجای استفاده از کاما برای وصل کردن ۲ جمله مجزا از نقطه period یا نقطه ویرگولsemicolon استفاده شود. یکی از رایج ترین نمونه های comma splice زمانی هست که نویسنده از کلمات ربط دهنده از جمله however, therefore, moreover, neverthelessو furthermore استفاده میکند.
مثال اول:
Incorrect: My intention was to take her out to dinner, however I decided not to invite her after all.
Correct: My intention was to take her out to dinner; however, I decided not to invite her after all.
مثال دوم:
Incorrect: My sisters and I love to go shopping, we then have lunch together when we’re done.
Correct: My sisters and I love to go shopping. We then have lunch together when we’re done.
Colon use
مثال:
برگرفته از authority
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